Berikut 4 Rekomendasi Strategi Kebijakan Energi Biodiesel dari LIPI
Wartaekonomi.co.id | Kamis, 21 Januari 2021
Berikut 4 Rekomendasi Strategi Kebijakan Energi Biodiesel dari LIPI
Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (LIPI) melalui Pusat Penelitian Kebijakan dan Manajemen Ilmu Pengetahuan Teknologi dan Inovasi telah merumuskan empat rekomendasi strategi kebijakan energi biodiesel Indonesia pada 2020–2045. Koordinator Program Penelitian Manajemen Iptek dan Inovasi LIPI, Anugerah Yuka Asmara, mengatakan, “Keempat rekomendasi tertuang dalam Policy Brief yang merupakan naskah kebijakan singkat sebagai saran kebijakan untuk bahan pertimbangan yang didasarkan dari bukti ilmiah dan ditujukan sebagai media komunikasi dari tim peneliti kepada pemangku kepentingan terkait.” Pemangku kepentingan yang dimaksud adalah Direktorat Bioenergi-Direktorat Jenderal Energi Baru Terbarukan dan Konservasi Energi Kementerian Energi Sumber Daya Mineral, Badan Pengelola Dana Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit (BPDPKS), Kementerian Pertanian, Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan, Kementerian Agraria dan Tata Ruang/Badan Pertanahan Nasional (BPN), Kementerian Dalam Negeri, dan Kementerian Ristek/BRIN. Lebih lanjut Yuka menjabarkan, pertama, dari evaluasi pelaksanaan kebijakan B10, B20, dan B30 ditentukan dari kontribusi bauran energi yang dihasilkan dan besaran biaya yang ditetapkan oleh Badan Pengelola Dana Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit. “Keberhasilan B30 yang rilis Januari 2020 menjadikan Indonesia merupakan satu-satunya negara di dunia yang pertama kali melakukan campuran biodiesel bahan bakar nabati berbasis crude palm oil (CPO),” ungkapnya. Dengan demikian, Yuka menegaskan, hasil evaluasi ini dapat digunakan sebagai bukti dalam penetapan rencana kebijakan B40 dan B50 di masa mendatang. Kedua, pembangunan perkebunan energi CPO secara masif, sebagai bahan baku green energy berupa green diesel, green gasoline, green avtur, dan green LPG. Rekomedasi ini didasarkan atas ketersediaan CPO dalam negeri yang terus bertambah, seiring dengan kebutuhan yang terus meningkat. Ketiga, perlu merumuskan beberapa kebijakan dalam merancang Kilang Green Fuel untuk mengolah minyak sawit menjadi green energy tersebut. Di sisi lain, diperlukan juga untuk mendorong penelitian bibit unggul minyak pangan, minyak nyamplung, minyak kemiri sunan, dan lain lain. Terkait hal ini, Peneliti Pusat Penelitian Kebijakan dan Manajemen Ilmu Pengetahuan Teknologi dan Inovasi LIPI, Budi Triyono, mengatakan, “Hal ini ditujukan untuk menghindari pembukaan perkebunan kelapa sawit yang lebih meluas lagi.” Rekomendasi keempat, para pemangku kepentingan secara bersama dapat menciptakan inovasi green fuel buatan dalam negeri. “Direktorat Bioenergi, Ditjen EBTKE, Kementerian ESDM perlu mengatur tempo agar pembuatan perkebunan energi dan pengembangan teknologi green fuel bisa berjalan beriringan sehingga ekosistem inovasi energi biodiesel dapat terbentuk,” ujar Budi Triyono.
The Jakarta Post | Kamis, 21 Januari 2021
Govt misses green energy mix target
The Jakarta Post/Jakarta Green energy played a proportionally bigger role in Indonesia last year but still fell short of the government\’s expectations as the COVID-19 pandemic hit demand and investments. Energy and Mineral Resources Ministry data shows that the contribution of green energy to Indonesia\’s total energy consumption rose from 9.15 percent in 2019 to 11.51 percent last year but still fell short of the targeted 13 percent. The ministry\’s renewables director general, Dadan Kusdiana, attributed the rising portion of renewables to new green power plants that came online last year and to higher consumption of 30 percent palm oil-mixed biodiesel (B30). Progress, however, was limited by an investment shortfall. Indonesia captured USSJ.36 billion in green energy investments in 2020. The figure is 2.9 percent below the S1.4 billion recorded in 2019 and only 60 percent of the targeted S2.3 billion for 2020. “Investments are slightly be- low target. The number is 70-ish percent. This is actually pretty good during a pandemic,” said Dadan at a virtual press conference on Jan. 14. In comparison, global investments for green power plants and fuels are expected to fall 4.1 percent year-on-year – sharper than Indonesia\’s decline – to S330 billion in 2020. based on the International Energy Agency\’s (IEA) estimate in October 2020. Indonesia has promised to reach a 23 percent green energy mix by 2025, yet the coal-rich and oil-dependent country is struggling to fulfill the promise with many studies predicting that Southeast Asia\’s largest economy will miss the target. The ministry plans to catch up with the target by ramping up construction of new renewable power plants, pushing the use of biofuels, promoting solar rooftop usage and shutting down old fossil fuel plants.
Biodiesel consumption reached 8.46 million kiloliters (kL) in 2020, up 32.4 percent from the previous year but only 88 percent of the targeted 9.55 million kL, ministry data show. Consumption was raised by the escalation of the mandatory biodiesel policy from B20 to B30 but was limited by reduced logistical activity as big cities, including Jakarta, implemented large-scale social restrictions (PSBB) to contain the COVID-19 pandemic. “This [shortfall] is not because biodiesel supplies were insufficient but because national fuel consumption went down,” said Dadan, adding that the biodiesel consumption target was 9.2 million kL tiiis year. Indonesia also added 176 megawatts (MW) of new green power capacity in 2020, pushing its total green power capacity to 10,467 MW. The largest such plant was the 66 MW Poso hydropower plant in Central Sulawesi followed by 13.4 MW of solar rooftops spread across the archipelago. Energy analyst Fabby Tumiwa of the Jakarta-based Institute for Essential Services Reform (IESR). which often advises green energy developers, said that many renewable energy projects had railed to come online in 2020 because of non-pandemic reasons. “In reality, many of these targets were off schedule not because of the pandemic but because of bankability and auctions problems with PLN,” he said, referring to state-owned power distribution monopoly PLN. Thus, the government needed to continue its green energy regulator,\’ reforms on top of its CO-XT D-19 recovery plans to meet 2021 investment targets, he said. Some key regulations slated for issuance this year include a presidential regulation on green electricity offtake prices, the 2021-2030 electricity procurement plan (RUPTL) and the derivative regulations on the landmark Job Creation Law that are promised to cut bureaucratic red tape. “In the renewables subsector, investors will look at the government\’s seriousness to improve investment competitive in renewables,” he said. The government aims to capture S2.O5 billion in green energy investments this year. The investments are dominated by solar and hydropower projects (60.7 percent) followed by geothermal projects (35.6 percent).